Menguasai Bahasa asing memang tidak semudah membalikkan telapak tangan, apalagi B.Inggris, terlalu ribet bagi kita untuk bisa menuturkannya secara fasih dan sempurna. Kita harus bisa menguasai Tensis supaya bisa berbicara dengan mudah, Saya akan mengulas dan merangkum ke-16 tensis, ayo pelajari baik-baik Pengertian, Rumus, Fungsi, & contoh kalimatnya
~ Pengertian Tensis
Tenses
adalah kata kerja dalam bahasa Inggris untuk menunjukkan waktu terjadinya suatu
peristiwa (sekarang, waktu yang akan datang / besok, dan masa lampau).
Berikut adalah macam-macam tenses beserta rumus, dan contohnya:
Present
Tense (Waktu Sekarang)
Simple Present Tense
(Waktu sekarang sederhana)
Simple Present Tense
adalah tenses (pola kalimat) yang digunakan untuk menceritakan waktu sekarang
dalam bentuk sederhana.
Rumus Verbal
(+) S + V1 s/es + O
(-) S + do/does not +
V1 + O…
(?) Do/Does + S + V…?
Rumus Nominal
(+) S + be(am, is, are)
+ Adj / Noun / Adverb (disingkat ANA)
(-) S + be + not + ANA
(?) Be + S + ANA ?
– Biasanya menggunakan
daily activity : Always, usually, often, seldom.
Contoh
Kalimat Verbal Simple Present Tense:
(+) My father goes to
post office.
(-) My father does not
go to post office.
(?) Does your father go
to post office?
Contoh
Kalimat Nominal Simple Present Tense.
(+) Marcella is a
stronger woman.
(-) Marcella is not a
stronger woman.
(?) Is she a stronger
woman?
Present
Continuous Tense (Waktu berlangsung sekarang)
Present Continuous
Tense adalah pola kalimat yang digunakan untuk sesuatu yang sedang berlangsung
saat ini.
Rumus Verbal
Rumus Verbal
(+) S + be + V-ing + O
(-) S + be + not +
V-ing + O
(?) Be + S + V-ing + O…
Rumus Nominal
(+) S + be (am, is,
are) + Adj / Noun / Adverb (ANA)
(-) S + be + not + ANA
(?) Be + S + ANA
Contoh
Kalimat Verbal Present Continuous Tense:
(+) I am
speaking english
(-) I
am not speaking English
(?) am I
speaking English?
Contoh
Kalimat Nominal Present Continuous Tense:
(+) He is handsome.
(-) He is not handsome.
(?) Is he handsome?
Present
Perfect Tense (Waktu sempurna sekarang)
Present Perfect Tense
adalah pola kalimat yang terjadi pada masa lampau dan masih berpengaruh
hingga sekarang.
Rumus Verbal:
(+) S + Have/Has + V3 +
O
(-) S + Have/Has + not
+ V3 + O
(?) have/has + S + V3 +
O
Rumus Nominal:
(+) S + have/has + to
be 3 (been) + non verb + O
(-) S + have/has + not
+ to be 3 + non verb + O
(?) have/has + S + to
be 3 + non verb + O?
Contoh
Kalimat Verbal Present Perfect Tense:
(+) I have finished my
work.
(-) I have not finished
my homework.
(?) Have I finished my
homework?
Contoh
Kalimat Nominal Present Perfect Tense:
(+) She has
been here for 20 minutes.
(-) She has not
been here for 20 minutes.
(?) Has she been here
for 20 minutes?
Present
Perfect Continuous (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Sekarang)
Present Perfect
Continuous adalah tindakan yang dimulai di masa lalu dan masih berlanjut sampai
sekarang. Tenses ini juga digunakan untuk menceritakan kejadian yang
dimulai dimasa lalu dan baru saja selesai.
Rumus Verbal:
(+) S + have/has
+ been + V-ing + O + Adj / Noun / Adverb (ANA)
(-) S + have/ has + not
+ been + V-ing + O + ANA
(?) Have/has + S + been
+ V-ing + O + ANA
Rumus Nominal:
(+) S + has/have + been
+ ANA
(-) S + has/have + not
+ been + ANA
(?) Has/have + S + been
+ ANA
Contoh
Kalimat Verbal Present Perfect Continuous:
(+)He has been studying
for 3 hours.
(-) He has not
been studying for 3 hours.
(?) Has he been playing
studying for 3 hours?
Contoh
Kalimat Nominal Present Perfect Continuous:
(+) I have been in
Cirebon.
(-) I have not been in
Cirebon.
(?) Have I been in
Cirebon?
Past
Tense (Waktu Lampau)
Simple Past Tense
(Waktu lampau sederhana)
Simple Past Tense
adalah tenses yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang terjadi dimasa
lampau dan waktu terjadinya persitiwa itu telah diketahui.
Rumus Verbal:
(+) S + V2 + O + Adj /
Noun / Adverb (ANA)
(-) S + did + not + V1
+ O + ANA
(?) Did + S + V1 + O +
ANA ?
Rumus Nominal:
(+) S + to be 2
(was/were) + ANA
(-) S + to be 2
(was/were) + ANA
(?) to be 2 + S + ANA ?
Contoh
Kalimat Verbal Simple Past Tense:
(+) The Doctor went to
the hospital yesterday.
(-) The Doctor did not
go to the hospital yesterday.
(?) Did the Doctor go
to the hospital yesterday?
Contoh
Kalimat Nominal Simple Past Tense:
(+) He was a teacher.
(-) He was not a
teacher.
(?) Was he a teacher?
Note:
Was: I, He, She, dan
It.
Were: You, We, They.
Past
Continuous Tense (Waktu berlangsung lampau)
Past Continuous Tense
adalah tenses yang digunakan untuk menyatakan peristiwa yang sedang
terjadi, tetapi bukan sedang terjadi sekarang, melainkan sedang terjadi “dulu”,
sudah lewat.
Rumus Verbal:
(+) S + to be 2
(was/were) + V-ing + O
(-) S + to be 2
(was/were) + not + V-ing + O
(?) to be 2 (was/were)
+ S + V-ing + O
Rumus Nominal:
(+) S + to be 2 + Adj /
Noun / Adverb (ANA)
(-) S + to be 2 + not +
ANA
(?) to be 2 + S + ANA ?
Contoh
Kalimat Verbal Past Continuous Tense:
(+) He was confused in
studying grammar yesterday in school.
(-) He was not confused
in studying grammar yesterday in school.
(?) Was he confused in
studying grammar yesterday in school?
Contoh
Kalimat Nominal Past Continuous Tense:
(+) She was lazy.
(-) She was not lazy.
(?) Was she lazy?
Past
Perfect Tense (Waktu Sempurna Lampau)
Past Perfect Tense
adalah tenses yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan peristiwa yang terjadi
dimasa lampau dan terus berlangsung ataupun selesai dimasa lampau berikutnya.
Rumus Verbal:
(+) S + had + V3
(-) S + had + not + V3
(?) Had + S + V3
Rumus Nominal:
(+) S + had + been +
ANA
(-) S + had + not +
been + ANA
(?) Had + S + been +
ANA ?
Contoh
Kalimat Verbal Past Perfect Tense:
(+) She had helped her
mother after she played a game.
(-) She had not helped
her mother after she played a game.
(?) Had she helped her
mother after she played a game?
Contoh Kalimat
Nominal Past Perfect Tense:
(+) They had been at
Grage Mall since morning.
(-) They had not been
at Grage Mall since morning.
(?) Had they been at
Grage Mall since morning?
Past
Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu berlangsung sempurna lampau)
Past Perfect Continuous
Tense digunakan untuk mengekspresikan suatu kejadian yang sudah dimulai
dan sedang berlangsung di masa lampau tapi saat ini sudah tidak terjadi lagi.
Rumus Verbal
(+) S + had + been +
V-ing
(-) S + had + not +
been + V-ing
(?) Had + S + been +
V-ing
Rumus Nominal
(+) S + Had + Been +
Being + O+ ANA
(-) S + Had + Not +
Been + Being + O + ANA
(?) Had + S + Been +
Being + O + ANA
Contoh
Kalimat Verbal Past Perfect Continuous Tense:
(+) Isna had been
sleeping for 5 hours before Her father woke up.
(-) Isna had not been
sleeping for 5 hours before Her fathe woke up.
(?) Had she been
sleeping for 5 hours before her father woke up?
Contoh
Kalimat Nominal Past Perfect Continuous Tense:
(+) I had been being a
modeling character since 2010.
(-) I had not been
being a modeling character since 2010.
(?) Had you been being
a modeling character since 2010?
Future
Tense (Waktu yang Akan Datang)
Simple Future Tense
(Waktu Akan Datang Sederhana)
Simple Future Tense
digunakan untuk menyatakan perbuatan yang akan terjadi di masa yang akan
datang.
Rumus Verbal :
(+) S + Will/Shall + V1
+ O + ANA
(-) S + Will/Shall +
not + V1 + O + ANA
(?) Will/Shall + S + V1
+ O + ANA
Rumus Nominal :
(+) S + Will/Shall + Be
+ O + ANA
(-) S + Will/Shall +
not + be + O + ANA
(?) Will/Shall + S + be
+ O + ANA
Contoh
Kalimat Verbal Simple Future Tense:
(+) I will make a cake
tomorrow.
(-) I will not make a
cake tomorrow.
(?) Will you make a
cake tomorrow?
Contoh
Kalimat Nominal Simple Future Tense:
(+) Belinda will be a
singer in my birthday party tomorrow.
(-) Belinda will not be
a singer in my birthday party tomorrow.
(?) Will she be a
singer in my birthday party tomorrow?
Future
Continuous Tense (Waktu berlangsung akan datang)
Future Continuous Tense
adalah bentuk waktu yang digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu peristiwa
yang akan sedang berlangsung atau akan sedang dilakukan di waktu tertentu di
masa yang akan datang.
Rumus Verbal :
(+) S + will/shall + be
+ V-ing + O
(-) S + will/shall +
not + be + V-ing + O
(?) Will/Shall + S + be
+ V-ing + O?
Rumus Nominal :
(+) S + will/shall + be
+ being + O + ANA
(-) S + will/shall +
not + be + being + O + ANA
(?) Will/Shall + S + be
+ being + O + ANA?
Contoh
Kalimat Verbal Future Continuous Tense:
(+) I will be studying
grammar speaking at 08.00 am in ELFAST.
(-) I will not be
studying grammar speaking at 08.00 am in ELFAST.
(?) Will you be
studying grammar speaking at 08.00 am in ELFAST?
Contoh
Kalimat Nominal Future Continuous Tense:
(+) I will be being a
professional English teacher.
(-) I will not be being
a professional English teacher.
(?) Will you be being a
professional English teacher?
Future
Perfect Tense (Waktu sempurna yang akan datang)
Future Perfect Tense
tenses yang digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu peristiwa yang akan telah
terjadi atau akan telah selesai dilakukan diwaktu tertentu di masa yang akan
datang.
Rumus Verbal :
(+) S + Will/Shall +
Have + V3 + O + ANA
(-) S + will/shall +
not + have + V3 + O + ANA
(?) Will/Shall + S +
have + V3 + O + ANA
Rumus Nominal :
(+) S + Will/Shall +
Have + Been + O + ANA
(-) S + will/shall +
not + have + been + O + ANA
(?) Will/shall + S +
have + been + O + ANA
Contoh
Kalimat Verbal Future Perfect Tense:
(+) We shall have
arrived in School at 10.00 o’clock.
(-) We shall not have
arrived in School at 10.00 o’clock.
(?) Shall we have
arrived in School at 10.00 o’clock.
Contoh
Kalimat Nominal Future Perfect Tense:
(+) I will have been at
Grandma House by the end of the week.
(-) I will not have
been at Grandma House by the end of the week.
(?) Will you have been
at Grandma House by the end of the week?
Future
Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu berlangsung sempurna akan datang)
Future Perfect
Continuous Tense adalah tenses yang digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu
peristiwa yang akan telah sedang berlangsung di waktu yang akan datang dimasa
lampau.
Rumus Verbal :
(+) S + Will/Shall +
Have + Been + V-ing + O + ANA
(-) S + will/shall +
not + have + been + V-ing + O + ANA
(?) Will/Shall + S +
have + been + V-ing + O + ANA ?
Rumus Nominal :
(+) S + Will/Shall +
Have + Been + O + ANA
(-) S + Will/Shall +
not + Have + Been + O + ANA
(?) Will/Shall + S +
Have + Been + O + ANA
Contoh
Kalimat Verbal Future Perfect Continuous Tense
(+) She will have been
studying for a while when you come here.
(-) She will not have
been studying for a while when you come here.
(?) Will she have been
studying for a while when you come here?
Contoh
Kalimat Nominal Future Perfect Continuous Tense
(+) I will have been a
famous artist within twenty years ahead.
(-) I will not have
been a famous artist within twenty years ahead.
(?) Will I have been a
famous artist within twenty years ahead.
Past
Future (Akan datang di waktu lampau)
Simple Past Future
Tense (Waktu Akan Datang Di Waktu Lampau)
Simple Past Future
Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu peristiwa yang terjadi atau
dilakukan secara berulang-ulang atau sudah menjadi kebiasaan di masa lampau,
penggunaan kata “would” dalam kalimat biasanya menunjukkan bahwa
pembicara ingin sesuatu itu terjadi di masa depan, yang mungkin atau tidak
mungkin menjadi kenyataan.
Rumus Verbal :
(+) S + Would/Should +
V1 + O + ANA
(-) S + Would/Should +
Not + V1 + O + ANA
(?) Would/Should + S +
V1 + O + ANA
Rumus Nominal :
(+) S + Would/Should +
Be + O + ANA
(-) S + Would/Should +
Not + Be + O + ANA
(?) Would/Should + S +
Be + O + ANA
Contoh
Kalimat Verbal Simple Past Future Tense:
(+) They will go home
soon.
(-) They will not go
home soon.
(?) Would they go home
soon?
Contoh
Kalimat Nominal Simple Past Future Tense:
(+) we should be there
last month.
(-) we shouldn’t be
there last month.
(?) Sould we be there
last month?
Past
Future Continuous Tense (Waktu Akan Sedang Terjadi Diwaktu Lampau)
Past Future Perfect
Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang
akan sudah sedang berlangsung pada waktu lampau.
Rumus Verbal :
(+) S + Would/Should +
Be + V-ing + O + ANA
(-) S + Would/Should +
Not + Be + V-ing + O + ANA
(?) Would/Should + S +
Be + V-ing + O + ANA
Rumus Nominal :
(+) S + Would/Should +
Be + Being + O + ANA
(-) S + Would/Should +
Not + Be + Being + O + ANA
(?) Would/Should + S +
Be + Being + O + ANA
Contoh
Kalimat Verbal Past Future Continuous Tense:
(+) My mother would be
cooking vegetables at this hour yesterday morning.
(-) My mother would not
be cooking vegetables at this hour yesterday morning.
(?) Would my mother be
cooking vegetables at this hour yesterday morning?
Contoh
Kalimat Nominal Past Future Continuous Tense:
(+) I should be
being a art director if I did work at Pixar studio.
(-) I should not be
being a art director if I did work at Pixar studio.
(?) should you be being
a art director if I did work at Pixar studio?
Past
Future Perfect Tense (Waktu akan sudah selesai di masa lampau)
Past Future Perfect
Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang akan sudah
selesai pada waktu lampau atau menyatakan pengandaian yang tidak
mungkin terjadi karena syaratnya sudah pasti tidak akan terpenuhi.
Rumus Verbal :
(+) S + Would/Should +
Have + V3 + O + ANA
(-) S + Would/Should+
Not + Have + V3 + O + ANA
(?) Would/Should + S +
Have + V3 + O + ANA
Rumus Nominal :
(+) S + Would/Should +
Have + Been + O + ANA
(-) S + Would/Should +
Not + Have + Been + O + ANA
(?) Would/Should + S +
Have + Been + O + ANA
Contoh
Kalimat Verbal Past Future Perfect Tense:
(+) She would have come
here if she had called him.
(-) She wouldn’t have
come here if she had not called him.
(?) would she have come
here if she had called him ?
Contoh
Kalimat Nominal Past Future Tense:
(+) I should have been
at Studio if they had invited me.
(-) I should not have
been at Studio if they had not invited me.
(?) should you have
been at Studio there if they had invited me ?
Past
Future Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu yang sudah sedang berlangsung pada
waktu lampau)
Past Future Perfect
Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang
akan sedang berlangsung.
Rumus Verbal :
(+) S + Would/Should +
Have + Been + V-ing + O + ANA
(-) S + Would/Should +
Not + Have + Been + V-ing + O + ANA
(?) Would/Should + S +
Have + Been + V-ing + O + ANA
Rumus Nominal :
(+) S + Would/Should +
Have + Been + Being + O + ANA
(-) S + Would/Should +
Not + Have + Been + Being + O + ANA
(?) Would/Should + S +
Have + Been + Being + O + ANA
Contoh
Kalimat Verbal Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense:
(+) My boyfriend would
have been giving flower at this hour yesterday morning.
(-) My boyfriend would
not have been giving flower at this hour yesterday morning.
(?) Would your
boyfriend have been giving flower at this hour yesterday morning?
Contoh
Kalimat Nominal Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense:
(+) I should have been
being an art director by studying animation.
(-) I should’nt have
been being art director by studying animation.
(?) Should you have
been being art director by studying animation?
vidio sambung ayam saung ayam
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